Ocena rozpowszechnienia zaburzeń psychicznych wśród osób żyjących z HIV/AIDS w szpitalu neuropsychiatrycznym Ndera w Rwandzie, 2025
Cross-sectional assessment of common mental disorders among people with HIV/AIDS attending Ndera Neuropsychiatric Teaching Hospital, Rwanda, 2025
W skrócie
[Preprint - wstępne wyniki] Badanie przeprowadzono wśród 140 pacjentów z HIV/AIDS w Rwandzie i wykazało, że zaburzenia psychiczne są u nich bardzo częste - najczęściej występują schizofrenia (42,7%), zaburzenia nastroju i depresja. Kiedy połączono leczenie HIV z opieką psychiatryczną, pacjenci lepiej przyjmowali leki i lepiej się czuli - aż 97,9% pacjentów osiągnęło zdawienie wirusa. Badacze podkreślają, że połączona opieka medyczna i psychiatryczna jest bardzo ważna dla chorych z HIV.
Oryginalny abstract (angielski)
Abstract Background People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) frequently experience psychiatric disorders, which can affect treatment adherence and quality of life. In Rwanda, data on the prevalence of mental disorders among PLWHA are limited. Objective To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and their impact on quality of life among PLWHA attending Ndera Neuropsychiatric Teaching Hospital. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 140 PLWHA using purposive sampling. The questionnaire was developed by expert refered to The MARS and Patient Mental Health Questionnaire. It was administered through file review and interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze mental disorder prevalence and associated factors. Results Among participants, schizophrenia spectrum disorders were most prevalent (42.7%), followed by mania (17.1%), major depression (15%), bipolar disorder (13.6%), and drug-induced psychosis/substance use (9.3%). Neurological disorders included epilepsy (15%) and headache (1.3%). Most participants (98.6%) were on first-line antiretroviral therapy. Integration of mental health and HIV care improved adherence and quality of life, with 97.9% achieving viral suppression. Conclusion Mental disorders are common among PLWHA at Ndera Neuropsychiatric Teaching Hospital, underscoring the need for integrated HIV and mental health services to improve adherence and quality of life.